Table 2. Reported and estimated  a illnesses, frequency of foodborne transmission, and hospitalization and case-fatality
rates for known foodborne pathogens, United States
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                               Reported Cases
                                       Estimated                     by Surveillance Type               %            Hospital-              Case
                                            total                 -----------------------------------     Foodborne     ization                fatality
Disease Agent                          cases          Active         Passive    Outbreak     transmission   rate                    rate
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bacterial
      
Bacillus cereus                     27,360                                  720             72                 100             0.006              0.0000
Botulism, foodborne                    58                                    29                                   100             0.800              0.0769
Brucella spp.                          1,554                                  111                                     50             0.550              0.0500
Campylobacter spp         2,453,926            64,577      37,496            146                   80             0.102              0.0010
Clostridium perfringens      248,520                               6,540            654                  100            0.003              0.0005
Escherichia coli O157:H7     73,480              3,674        2,725            500                    85            0.295              0.0083
E. coli, non-O157 STEC       36,740              1,837                                                       85            0.295              0.0083
E. coli, enterotoxigenic         79,420                               2,090             209                   70            0.005              0.0001
E. coli, other diarrheogenic  79,420                               2,090                                      30            0.005              0.0001
Listeria monocytogenes         2,518                               1,259             373                   99            0.922              0.2000
Salmonella Typhib                    824                                   412                                      80            0.750              0.0040
Salmonella, nontyphoidal1,412,498            37,171       37,842         3,640                   95             0.221              0.0078
Shigella spp.                      448,240            22,412       17,324          1,476                  20             0.139              0.0016
Staphylococcus food         185,060                                4,870             487                 100             0.180             0.0002
poisoning
Streptococcus, foodborne   50,920                                1,340             134                 100             0.133             0.0000

Vibrio cholerae, toxigenic
54
27
90
0.340
0.0060

V. vulnificus
94
47
50
0.910
0.3900

Vibrio, other
7,880
393
112
65
0.126
0.0250

Yersinia enterocolitica
96,368
2,536
90
0.242
0.0005

Subtotal
5,204,934
    
 
Parasitic
      
Cryptosporidium parvum
300,000
6,630
2,788
10
0.150
0.005

Cyclospora cayetanensis
16,264
428
98
90
0.020
0.0005

Giardia lamblia
2,000,000
107,000
22,907
10
n/a
n/a

Toxoplasma gondii
225,000
15,000
50
n/a
n/a

Trichinella spiralis
52
26
100
0.081
0.003

Subtotal
2,541,316
    
 
Viral
      
Norwalk-like viruses
23,000,000
40
n/a
n/a

Rotavirus
3,900,000
1
n/a
n/a

Astrovirus
3,900,000
1
n/a
n/a

Hepatitis A
83,391
27,797
5
0.130
0.0030

Subtotal
30,883,391
    
Grand Total
38,629,641
    

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

aNumbers in italics are estimates; others are measured.

b>70% of cases acquired abroad.
Food-related Illness and Death in the United States-Synopses

PS Mead, L Slutsker, V Dietz, LF McCaig, JS Bresee … - … On WWW at http:== www. cdc. gov= ncidod= eid= vol5no5=
mead …, 1999
http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/eid/vol5no5/mead.htm#19