Under 257 sludge not disposed of in a land application unit or landfill is an open dump.
Sewage sludge means solid, semi-solid, or liquid residue generated during the treatment of domestic
sewage in a treatment works (municipal waste treatment works - plant)
(g) Domestic sewage is waste and wastewater from humans or household operations that is
discharged to or otherwise enters a treatment works (503.9)
Sludge means any solid, semisolid, or liquid waste generated from a municipal, commercial, or industrial
wastewater treatment plant, water supply treatment plant, or air pollution control facility or any other such
waste having similar characteristics and effect.
Solid waste means any garbage, refuse, sludge from a waste treatment plant, water supply treatment
plant, or air pollution control facility and other discarded material
Electronic Code of Federal Regulations (e-CFR)
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Title 40: Protection of Environment
PART 257—CRITERIA FOR CLASSIFICATION OF SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL FACILITIES AND
PRACTICES
Subpart A—Classification of Solid Waste Disposal Facilities and Practices
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§ 257.2 Definitions.
The definitions set forth in section 1004 of the Act apply to this part. Special definitions of general
concern to this part are provided below, and definitions especially pertinent to particular sections of this
part are provided in those sections.
Construction and demolition (C&D) landfill means a solid waste disposal facility subject to the
requirements of subparts A or B of this part that receives construction and demolition waste and does
not receive hazardous waste (defined in §261.3 of this chapter) or industrial solid waste (defined in
§258.2 of this chapter). Only a C&D landfill that meets the requirements of subpart B of this part may
receive conditionally exempt small quantity generator waste (defined in §261.5 of this chapter). A C&D
landfill typically receives any one or more of the following types of solid wastes: roadwork material,
excavated material, demolition waste, construction/renovation waste, and site clearance waste.
Disposal means the discharge, deposit, injection, dumping, spilling, leaking, or placing of any solid
waste or hazardous waste into or on any land or water so that such solid waste or hazardous waste or
any constituent thereof may enter the environment or be emitted into the air or discharged into any
waters, including ground waters.
Domestic septage is either liquid or solid material removed from a septic tank, cesspool, portable toilet,
Type III marine sanitation device, or similar treatment works that receives only domestic sewage.
Domestic septage does not include liquid or solid material removed from a septic tank, cesspool, or
similar treatment works that receives either commercial wastewater or industrial wastewater and does
not include grease removed from a grease trap at a restaurant.
Facility means all contiguous land and structures, other appurtenances, and improvements on the land
used for the disposal of solid waste.
Land application unit means an area where wastes are applied onto or incorporated into the soil
surface (excluding manure spreading operations) for agricultural purposes or for treatment and
disposal.
Landfill means an area of land or an excavation in which wastes are placed for permanent disposal, and
that is not a land application unit, surface impoundment, injection well, or waste pile.
Leachate means liquid that has passed through or emerged from solid waste and contains soluble,
suspended or miscible materials removed from such wastes.
Municipal solid waste landfill (MSWLF) unit means a discrete area of land or an excavation that receives
household waste, and that is not a land application unit, surface impoundment, injection well, or waste
pile, as those terms are defined in this section. A MSWLF unit also may receive other types of RCRA
Subtitle D wastes, such as commercial solid waste, nonhazardous sludge, and industrial solid waste.
Such a landfill may be publicly or privately owned. A MSWLF unit may be a new MSWLF unit, an existing
MSWLF unit or a lateral expansion. A construction and demolition landfill that receives residential lead-
based paint waste and does not receive any other household waste is not a MSWLF unit.
Open dump means a facility for the disposal of solid waste which does not comply with this part.
Practice means the act of disposal of solid waste.
Residential lead-based paint waste means waste containing lead-based paint, which is generated as a
result of activities such as abatement, rehabilitation, renovation and remodeling in homes and other
residences. The term residential lead-based paint waste includes, but is not limited to, lead-based paint
debris, chips, dust, and sludges.
Sanitary landfill means a facility for the disposal of solid waste which complies with this part.
Sewage sludge means solid, semi-solid, or liquid residue generated during the treatment of domestic
sewage in a treatment works. Sewage sludge includes, but is not limited to, domestic septage; scum or
solids removed in primary, secondary, or advanced wastewater treatment processes; and a material
derived from sewage sludge. Sewage sludge does not include ash generated during the firing of
sewage sludge in a sewage sludge incinerator or grit and screenings generated during preliminary
treatment of domestic sewage in a treatment works.
Sludge means any solid, semisolid, or liquid waste generated from a municipal, commercial, or industrial
wastewater treatment plant, water supply treatment plant, or air pollution control facility or any other
such waste having similar characteristics and effect.
Solid waste means any garbage, refuse, sludge from a waste treatment plant, water supply treatment
plant, or air pollution control facility and other discarded material, including solid, liquid, semisolid, or
contained gaseous material resulting from industrial, commercial, mining, and agricultural operations,
and from community activities, but does not include solid or dissolved materials in domestic sewage, or
solid or dissolved material in irrigation return flows or industrial discharges which are point sources
subject to permits under section 402 of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, as amended (86 Stat.
880), or source, special nuclear, or byproduct material as defined by the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as
amended (68 Stat. 923).
State means any of the several States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the
Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands.
Surface impoundment or impoundment means a facility or part of a facility that is a natural topographic
depression, human-made excavation, or diked area formed primarily of earthen materials (although it
may be lined with human-made materials), that is designed to hold an accumulation of liquid wastes or
wastes containing free liquids and that is not an injection well. Examples of surface impoundments are
holding storage, settling, and aeration pits, ponds, and lagoons.
Waste pile or pile means any noncontainerized accumulation of solid, nonflowing waste that is used for
treatment or storage.
[44 FR 53460, Sept. 13, 1979; 44 FR 58910, Oct. 12, 1979; 56 FR 51016, Oct. 9, 1991; 58 FR 9385,
Feb. 19, 1993; 68 FR 36495, June 18, 2003]
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Last updated: July 27, 2005